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Cardiology ST4 — Topic library

29 topics · 0 complete · 29 incomplete · 0 flagged for revisit.

Clinical Scenario

STEMI pathway & door-to-balloon

VIGNETTE

  • A 62-year-old smoker presents with crushing central chest pain for 40 minutes.
  • ECG shows 3 mm ST elevation V2–V4 with reciprocal change.

IMMEDIATE

  • A–E, IV access ×2, continuous monitoring, defibrillator at bedside.
  • Aspirin 300 mg PO, ticagrelor 180 mg PO (or prasugrel/clopidogrel per local pathway), morphine 5 mg IV + antiemetic, oxygen only if SpO2 <94%.
  • GTN if SBP >100 and no inferior STEMI.

PATHWAY

  • Activate PPCI immediately. Target door-to-balloon <90 minutes
  • FMC-to-balloon <120 minutes. If PPCI not deliverable within 120 minutes, thrombolyse (tenecteplase) and transfer for rescue PCI.

POST-PCI

  • Dual antiplatelet 12 months, high-intensity statin, beta-blocker, ACEi, aldosterone antagonist if EF <40% with HF/diabetes.
  • Echo 24–48 h.
  • Cardiac rehab referral, smoking cessation, secondary prevention.
  • DVLA notify (private 1 wk, HGV 6 wk).

COMPLICATIONS

  • Arrhythmia, cardiogenic shock, mechanical (VSD, papillary muscle rupture, free-wall rupture, mural thrombus), pericarditis (Dressler's).
  • Have a low threshold for re-imaging on deterioration.